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Libros > Derecho / Penal / DELITOS CONTRA LAS PERSONAS > The Construction of Europe Through Judicial Cooperation in …

The Construction of Europe Through Judicial Cooperation in Matters of Protection of Victims of Gender-based Violence

The Construction of Europe Through Judicial Cooperation in Matters of Protection of Victims of Gender-based Violence
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  • ISBN: 9788413363387
  • EAN: 9788413363387
  • Editorial: Tirant lo Blanch
  • Fecha de la edición:
  • Colección: Monografías
  • Nº Pág.: 166

Materias:

Colección: Monografías

Idioma: Ingles

The worlds multipolar geopolitical configuration, the crisis of the economic system, the presence of neoconservative approaches in parliaments or the crisis of refugees are some of the factors that have defined a new stage in the history of the European Union. This scenario is combined with the inherent diversity of the European Union, a set of sovereign cultural, legal and sociological identities and realities. Thus, in this context the Directive 2011/99/EU on the Europeanprotection order arises with the aim of Creating Europe through Equality, Freedom and Judicial Cooperation civil and criminal. Judicial cooperation between European States shows us the limits of the European Union. Not only the European legislator finds these limits, but also national judges. Different legal systems complicate mutual recognition and without mutual recognition the Space of Freedom, Security and Justice cannot guarantee the security of its citizens. Moreover, we cannot speak of real Justice if victims do not have freedom to move around the European Union. Gender violence victims find another problem: the non-existence of a gender concept in the European Union. Taking all these facts into account, we firmly believe that we must continue creating a real European Union in order to fight against violence. Within this work we study the Directive 2011/99/EU on the European Protection Order contextualized with the surprising data that the European Union has about gender equality.
The Construction of Europe through Judicial Cooperation in Matters of Protection of Victims of Gender-Based Violence 13
Elena Martínez García
PART I
A PRACTICAL OVERVIEW ON THE APPLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN PROTECTION ORDER IN SPAIN
Chapter I
CHALLENGES IN THE APPLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN
PROTECTION ORDER
Mª Dolores Hernández Rueda
I. Introduction 27
II. Implementation of the European Protection Order in Spain 28
1. Rules of procedure 28
2. Object 29
3. Subjects 30
III. Issuance of a Protection Order in Spain 31
IV. Reception in Spain of a Restraining Order 32
V. Questions regarding the European Protection Order 34
1. Can an EPO be agreed ex officio? 34
2. Can an EPO be requested at the magistrate’s court on duty? 35
3. Does the protected person necessarily have to be a woman and the person causing danger a man? 35
4. What happens when the protected person and the person causing danger, whether under investigation or already sentenced, move to another EU State? 35
5. Can civil measures be agreed upon for their enforcement in the State to which the EPO victim is moving to within the criminal proceeding? 36
6. Who has the competence in Spain to enforce EPOs issued by an authority or Judge from another Member State? 36
7. Is a Court of First Instance competent to adopt a restraining order decreed in another Member State of the EU? 38
8. When can a Court of First Instance Judge issue the Regulation 606/2013 Certificate? 38

Chapter II
REMARKS ON DIRECTIVE 2011/99/EU, ON THE EUROPEAN
PROTECTION ORDER
Javier Hernández García
I. On the (in)efficacy of the scheme 41
1. Lack of or insufficient information 42
2. Request submitted by the parties 42
3. Lack of a common substantive framework 44
4. Fragmentation of the protection instruments 45
II. Main features of the scheme 47
1. Facilitation 47
2. Limited protective measures 47
3. Flexibilisation of the enforcement conditions 47
4. Direct communication 48
5. Open regulatory categories 49
6. Comprehensive grounds for non-recognition 49
II. Enactment of Spanish Act 23/2014 [Ley 23/2014] for the implementation of the Directive: special remarks on the grounds for non-recognition 51
1. Mandatory nature 51
2. Completeness 52
3. Limitation period 53
4. Pardon 53
5. Ne bis in idem 54
6. Immunity 56
7. Double criminality 57
Chapter III
PRACTICAL WORKSHOP FOR ISSUING THE EUROPEAN
PROTECTION ORDER
Alfonso Peralta Gutiérrez
I. Precautions during its processing 59
1. Procedural options 59
2. Fears, complexes, positive predisposition and involvement 60
3. Criminal records 61
4. Statements by the parties and witnesses. 62
5. Procedure difficulties in mixed courts 65
II. Issuing, sending, receiving and executing a European Protection Order 66
1. Issuing a European Protection Order 66
2. Referral and sending an EPO 70
3. Recognition and executing the EPO 70
Chapter IV
THE POTENTIAL CLASH BETWEEN DIRECTIVE 2011/99/EU AND
OTHER MUTUAL RECOGNITION INSTRUMENTS
Raquel Borges Blázquez
I. Mutual recognition instruments that may clash with the Directive 2011/99/EU 73
II. Regulation (EU) 606/2013 75
III. The Framework Decisions on probation and on alternatives to provisional detention 77
1. Framework Decision 2008/947/JHA 79
2. Framework Decision 2009/829/JHA 80
3. Competence 80
IV. Reflections 81
Chapter V
BUILDING EUROPE THROUGH JUDICIAL COOPERATION REGARDING THE PROTECTION OF VICTIMS OF GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE: THE PROTECTION OF VICTIMS WITHIN THE EUROPEAN UNION. THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE PUBLIC PROSECUTION SERVICE
Ana Cristina Sanz Álvarez
I. Introduction 85
II. Relevant scope of application 86
1. Framework Decision 2008/947/JHA 86
2. Framework Decision 2009/829/JHA 88
3. Directive 2011/99/EU 89
III. Territorial scope of application 90
IV. Issuing requirements 91
V. Conclusions 94
Chapter VI
LEGAL AID FOR EUROPEAN PROTECTION ORDER PROCEDURES
PROCESSED IN SPAIN
Mª José Jordán Díaz-Roncero
I. Legal aid for European Protection Order procedures 95
1. Legal aid for the victim within the European Protection Order 95
2. Legal aid for the alleged aggressor in the European Protection Order 96
II. Right to free legal aid in the issuance and execution of a European Protection Order 96
2. Right to free legal aid of the person under investigation-accused in the issuing and executing procedure of a European Protection Order 102

PART II
MAP OF THE PROTECTION MEASURES WITHIN THE EUROPEAN UNION
Chapter VII
REGULATION (EU) 606/2013 ON MUTUAL RECOGNITION OF
PROTECTION MEASURES IN CIVIL MATTERS. SPAIN AS A
CERTIFICATE-ISSUING STATE?
Katixa Etxebarria Estankona
I. The cross-border protection of victims of gender-based violence across the European Union 107
1. Regulation 606/2013 as a supplement to the Directive on the European Protection Order 107
2. Why are there two different instruments for a same purpose? 110
II. Essential aspects of Regulation (EC) 606/2013 113
1. Object 113
2. Scope of application 115
3. Certificates as a document enabling the automatic recognition of measures 118
4. Recognition and enforcement in the Member State addressed 122
III. The situation in Spain 123
1. Spain: State receiving civil certificates and issuing EPOs 123
2. Can Spain be a civil-certificate issuing State? 125
3. Procedure applicable and authorities competent for the issuance and recognition of measures 129
4. A practical experience of recognition and enforcement of a civil certificate in Spain 132
IV. By way of conclusion 134
Chapter VIII
PRACTICAL APPLICATION IN SPAIN OF REGULATION (EU) NO. 606/2013 OF 12 JUNE ON MUTUAL RECOGNITION OF PROTECTION MEASURES IN CIVIL MATTERS
Sonia Rodríguez Llamas
I. Executing gender-based violence civil matters from other Member States in Spain 137
II. Analysis of the factual assumption 139
III. Inhibition due to lack of objective jurisdiction on the matter 140
IV. Executing protection measures in civil matters by the Spanish legal system 142

PART III
RISK ASSESSMENT
Chapter IX
GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE RISK ASSESSMENT AS AN INSTRUMENT TO IMPROVE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE EUROPEAN
PROTECTION ORDER
Miguel Lorente Acosta
I. “Violence” in the European Union 147
II. Interpersonal violence and gender-based violence: differential characteristics 149
III. Gender-based violence in theEuropean Union 152
IV. The European Protection Order: limitations in the cases of gender-based violence and the need to assess risk 153
Chapter X
EMANCIPATORY RIGHTS FOR VICTIMS OF GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE
Elisa Simó Soler
I. What is the reality of gender-based violence in the European Union? 159
II. Providing women an instrument for protection, what would this mean? 163
III. Is criminal law a factor for social awareness? 165

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